Internal-combustion engine



Jan. l, 1929. 1,696,939

, G.` R. DAVENPORT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IATTORNEY 'Jam E, 192%INVENTOR ATTORNE l :mi

Patented den., l, lg,

innrsnfsrnrss onction' n. Devnivron'r, on neven een, missions",.sesiones 'ro wenn s'ronsnennn eonronsrion, or sou'rn nenn, inmune, ncosronsrioii' or new innesti.

HWTERNALjG-OMUQTEDN ENGYE l Application flied August lo, w26. Seriellito. moest,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, land'particularly to manifolds therefor having means for heating s, portionof the intelre nienitold b v hot gases 'from the exhaust manifold :indfor controlling such liest The principal object oi the present inventionis to provide s simple and edective construction for transmitting thehes-t :trom the l0 exhaust gases of on internsl combustion engine to thecombustible mixture flowing through the 'intake manifold, together withmeans for varie/bly controlling the einount of such heet.

Another object is to provide en intake manifold with ii jsclzetedportion connected to sn exhaust meniiold by e pair of conduits, e pairof vslvesbeing disposed within the exhziust manifold lttor conductinggrises there- 50 from 'through one oi? the conduits to the jacket endfrom the jacket through the other conduit bet-lrv to 'the exhaustmanifold, in such quantities es may be desired.

Another object is to provide an intske manifold having e vjeclretedportion midwev between the endsoi2 en exhaust munito-li, conduitsjoiningP the jacket with the exhaust manifold, and bellles and valveswithin the exhaust manifold whereby part of the gases in said exhaustnieniiold are temporarily de- ;iected from their normal path through thejacket, and other of seid gases are reversed in the direction ot e pertof their normal travel and also caused to poss through the jacket.

A further object is to provide sir intake manifold with s jacket portionadjacent the center of on exhaust manifold, the exhaust manifold beingprovided with e peir. ot

' spaced vertically extending internal bellies sind :i hoi'izontel betieextending in the direcn tion of normal travel of the exhaustA gases.

from that verticolly extending home nearest the discharge end of theexhaust manifold, s

pair of conduits connecting the jacket with the space between thevertice-ily extendingbaille-s end e conduit connectingI the space helowthe horizontal heme with the conduit which leeds the exhaust gases tothe jacket, a 5o manifold between the vertically extending bales wherebyit may be swung to block oil the Icenter of the exhaust manifold andforce valve being disposed within the exhaust present invention, theseine consists of certain features of construction end combinetions oit'parts to be hereinafter described with reference tothe accompanyingdrewings, and then claimed, having the above and j other objects inview.

ln the accompanying drawings, which illustrate e suit-able embodiment ofthe pres ent invention, and which like numerals refer to like partethroughout the several diderent views,

Figure l is e side view of an internal com bustion engine provided withmanifolds einbodying the present invention Figure EZ. is en enlerged topview of the in telic end exhaust manifolds shown in side view on theengine in. Figure i.

Figure 3 is en enlsrged fragmentary sectional view of the siehe-uoc.manifold teken looking from the beclr side ci the manifold es on thelines 3-3 of Figures 2 end 5, shown ing the exhaust gas controllingvalves in the position in which no heet is transferred to the intakemanifold.

Figure i is e view similar to Figure 3 but showing` the heating jacketoi'ound .the intzilie manifold, and' showing;A the exhaust gescontrollin valves in the position in which full heet is transferredtothe intake meniitold.

Figure 5 is s sectionel view through the inteilte and exhaust manifoldsteken onthe line 5--5 of Figure d.

Figure 6 is e top view of the jacket around 'the intake manifold as onthe liner om@ of Figure 5., Y

Figure' 7 is e perspective view ot the mein controlling1 valve. which ispositioned in the center ofthe exhaust manifold.

As indicated in the drawings,V the intoke manifold is of very` simpledesign end coin- 'prises e straight c' lindricsl receives. the comustible mixture from the carburetor 26, communicating `therewith'through the medium of the thin tube 27 exrtion 25 which` ico :lill

tending" downwardly therefrom at its center, and which distributes thecombustible nain ture to the diderent pairs of cylinders enclosed withinthe cylinder block 23 by means oi' the cross passages 29 whichcommunicate with the intake port openings ci the various cylinders.

ri'he exhaust manifold 30, which discharges the exhaust gases into theexhaust pipe 3l at the forward end oit the engine in the particularembodiment shown, is positioned. closer to the cylinder' block 23 thanthe intake mani- `told. rlhe engine shown is one with sin cylinders andfor that reason sin ports or passages 32, 33, 35i, 35, 36 and 37 connectthe exhaust ports of the engine with the interior of the exhaustmanifold, being arranged in the conventional order with the passages 33and 34, and 35 and 36 lying in adjacent relationship and being formedtogether over a part of their surface. rlhe rear wall o' the pas sage342, which extends completely across the exhaust manifold 30, isextended upwardly and slightly rearwardly to a point approximatelymidway the normal depth of the manifold 30 to form abeille 38, andanother baie 39 continues horizontally across the manifold 3G from theupper edge of the ba'hle 38 to a point approximately in line with theforward wall oi the passage A third barbe all, similar to the baiile 38but reversed in direction, extends upwardly from the front wall ot' thepassage 35 to a point in horizontal line with the upper edge of the bao38. rThe lower center portion ci they manifold 30 between the baiiies 38and 4x0 is cored out to allow the center passage 29 o the intakemani'iold to pass therethrough, thus providing a wall di which dividesthe space between the lower parts or the bellies 38 and 40 into twopassageways or ducts i2 and 43 which terminatein a flat flanged surfaceagainst which the upper surface ot the intake manifold heating jacket lais secured by screws such as 45. rEhe distributor pipe portion 25 oftheintake manifold is also secured to the upper surface of the jacket te byscrews such as ad and, as previously described, contains the tube 2?whlch connects the distributor portion 25 of the intake manifold withthe carburetor 26.

The jaclret i4 is a hollow casting in which the tube 27 is centrallylocated so as kto provide a passage t7 therearound between it and theinterior walls or the jacket, the tube 27 being oi' relatively thinmetal capable of a quick transiter of heat therethrough and is securedin place by an outwardly turned ange at its u per edge, which is set inflush with the upper ace of the jacket 44, and the lower end f of whichis expanded into the talpered opening in the lower wall or the jac etthrough which it passes, thus providing an air tight joint at eitherend. lhe rear side of the j aclret is extended bach toward the center ofthe ,one

engine and is provided with two openings to and i9 which connect withand connect the passage si? ot the 'jacket 44 with the ducts 4:2 and i3of the exhaust manifold 30. A. vertical baiile is provided in the jacket44 between 'the openings i8 and 49 and extends from the rear or inner'face to a point adjacent the tube 27 so that any gases entering theduct l2 must pass completely around the tube 27 before passing outthrough the duct d3 and back intovthe exhaust manifold 30.

An opening 5l is provided in the front or face wall ci' the exhaustmanifold 30 directly under the horizontal baille 39 and immediate,- lyadjacent the vertical baille 38, and a second opening 52 is provided inthe same face between the vertical bales 38 and 40, this latter openingbeing the shape of a quarter of a cir'- cle with one of its radial sideslying vertical just rearwardly of the center line between the baies 38and il@ and extending from the wall dl to a point in line with the upperedges of the baflles 38 and 40, and its remaining' radial side lyinghorizontally and extending from the center line between the battlesrearwardly to the baille 40 in line with the upper ends of the bailies38 and d0; A cored covered plate 53 is secured to the face of theexhaust manii'old 30, by screws such as 5a, and overlies the openings 51and 52, its cored-out interior providing a passage connecting the twoopenings, and t ereiore connecting that part of the exhaust nianii'oldbelow the bale 39 and forwardly of the baille 38 with the duct 42.

A butterfly valve 56 secured to a rotatable shaft 57 extends between theforward and rear walls of the exhaust manifold 30 midway between the uper ends oi the vertical battles 38 and 40, an the upper end of thewalls lll, it being so positioned with respect to the ballles, that whenthe valve 56 isturned to horizontal position it extends between. theupper ends ot' the baos 38 and 4() and com! pletely closes -the spacetherebetween, and when swung to vertical position it extends between theupper end of the wall l-and the upper wall of the manifold 30 andcompletely closes the space between these two points. The valve 56 isprovided at its forward edge with a radial extension 58 of the sameshape as the opening 52, and this extension is so positioned that whenthe valve 56 is in horizontal position, 'as indicated in Figure 3, theextension 58 overlies and shuts oli' the opening 52 and thereby preventsany exhaust gas from'oirculating through the passage 55.

'A second valve 59, secured to the rotatable shaft 60 along one edgethereof, and extend` ingl between the front'andrear walls of the ex austmanifold, is positioned at the' forward edge of the horizontalbaiile 39,and is swingable from the horizontal position shown in Figure 3 to theapproximately vertical position shown in Figure 4 in which position ingthereby.

mousse it extends from the forward end of the heme 39 to the lower Wellof the intake manifold, so that the exhaust gases from, the ports or;passages 33 and 34 are prevented from pass- 'lhe velve 56 und shaft57ers introduced into the exhaust manifold 3G through an opening in thebueh Wall of the manifold which is closed by the cover plete 6l which.provides e, hearing for the rear end of the shaft 57, and the volvo 59and shaft 60 are introduced in the same menner'through en opening whichis closed by the cover 62. rllhe shaft 57 is provided with e lever S3 onits inner en'd which projects past the cover plate 61, and the shaft 60is provided with a similar lever 6ft. The free ends of the levers 63 and@l are connected together to move in unison by means of s link 65pivotallyoonnect/ed to eech lever. lin view of the tact that the valve59 does not require es great ve rotationel movement es the valve 5h tomove it from one eX- treme position to the other, the lever 63 is madeproportionally shorter than the lever 6ft so that vvhen one. valve ismoved 'from one estreme position to the other, the other valve is causedto also move between its extreme positions. A. rod such es 66, or othersuitable means es muy he found desirable, is connected to the tree endof the lever 63 and extended to en instrument hoard or other controlpoint so thet the vulves 56 und 59 muy he msnuzilly controlledtherefrom.

rlhe operetion is readily apparent. When the rod d@ is moved to itsextreme rearward position the velve 56 extends between the upper o thehotties 38 vsind t() und closes 'he spose thereloetiveen to the passageot 'ese-s, the extension 58 et the saine time coverin, the opening 52und preventing ony gas rom guessing therethrough. The valve 59 is eeuselthe llink d5 to also move to s horizontal position es indicated inFigure 3. lifhen vulves 56 und 59 ere in this horizontel position, theexhuust geses from the engine entering the passages or ports 35, 36 and37 pass tip-over the heiiie t0, the valve 56, hotties und 39 and out ot'the discharge end oi2 the munitold without coming in oontact with anypart of the intake monito-ld, The exhaust groses entering' the ports orpeseis -seges 33 and 3e likewise poss directly to the discharge end" orthe exhaust meniold 30 Without Corning in oonteet with env part of theintake manifold because the passage 55 und opening 52 are hloelred hythe extension 58 on the vulve 56. The exhaust geses enten ing; the portor passage 32, vwhich is immedistely adjacent the discharge end ot themuni told, pass directly out et the seine in any cese. The peth 'of theenheust gases, when the valves 55 and 59 ere in the horizontal positionjust explained, is indicuted hy the arrows and readily discernible inFigure 3.

When full. heet is desired on the intake -manitold the rod 66 is movedto its extreme orvvei'd position which moves the vulves 56 and 59 totheir other estreme position, es shown in Figure li, the vulve 56turning until it extends between the upper wall. of the exhaust manifoldund the upper edge of the Well 4:1, thus preventing the exhaust gasesfrom passing' directly thereby.' W hen the velve o@ is thus turned toits vertical position the extension 58 is rotated with it end is movedup and away' from the opening 52, uncovering the seine. At the sainetime the foi-Word valve 59, which is connected to the vulve 56 throughthe medium of the levers 63 und 64 and the link 65, is rotated until its'tree edge abuts against the lower manifold Well es indicated in Figureli. lWhen the valve 59 is in this position, no exhaust gases trom theports or passages 33 and 34 een pass orvvsrdly thereby. The exhaustgases from the ports or uesseges 35, 3d snd?, in this case, possforwardly over the hsllle end at this point their forward progress isstopped .by 'the vnlve 56 which directs them down- Ward through the duct'd2 into they iacket 411i vhere the hedle causes them to oilovv thepassage le? out around the outer face of the tube 27 and then loaclc onthe other side Where they pass up through the duct 43 und hoch into theexhaust ineniilold 3G over the hotles und 39 and trsvel 'forvrsr l 'tothe discherge end ot the exhaust manifold 'At the seme time, the exhaustgases entering the exhaust muniiold 30 through the ports 33 and Se, ereprevented trom pussing the vulve 59, und ere forced out through theopening 5t into the exterior posseggo end then heel: through the opening52 into the duet l2 Where they mingle with the exhaust gases troni theports or pesseges 345, Se ond 37 and poss doi/vn around the tuloe 2? andloool( out the duct d3 as previously explained.

is thus seen that the esheust gases troni ve ot the six cylinders possaround the thin tuhe 2'? "when the vulves are in this position,trenserring o. maximum oit heet to the com; hustilole mixture dervingthrough the tuhe Y 'trono the cnrhnretor 26 "which is in opencommunication therewith und which is secured to the hottoin foce o thejacket et. lt'ivill he evident that the exhaust gases trom all six ofthe cylinders mi ht he caused tonpass around the tuhe 2'? in the shovedescribed manner if the dischurgre end oit the manifold were extendedend the battle 39 extended f' forvverdly ont it in the sume reletiveposition in the amount oi? heet trensinited to the een@ tra l llibustible mixture through the walls of the tube 27, and that almost anydesired amount of heat may be obtained in this way by shifting the axialposition of the rod 66.

it will also be evident that this construction may be used as well onmanifolds in which the exhaust gas is discharged from the rear end ofthe exhaust manifold instead of the forward end as in the constructionshown, by simply reversing the construction end for end.-

Formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the inventiondescribed without departing from the spirit or substance of the broadinvention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

lihat l claim is:

'1., ln an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, an exhaustmanifold, spaced upwardly projecting battles within said exhaustmanifold, a` wall between said baflles providing a pair of ductstherebetween, a. jacket surrounding a portion of said intake manifoldcommunicating with said ducts, and avalve positioned between the ends ofsaid baffles rotatable to close said ducts to the passage of gas in oneposition, and rotatable to force exhaust gases through said ducts 1nanother positiono 2. iin an internal combustion engine` an 1ntakemanifold provided with a jacketed portion, an exhaust manifold providedwith a pair of spaced baes projecting upwardly into the interiorthereof, a pair of passages leading from said acket` to the spacebetween said battles, and a valve in said exhaust manifold movable toone position to close the space between said bales to the passage ofexhaust gases and movable to another position between said passageswhereby exhaust gases are forced through said jacket.

3. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold provided with ajacketed portion, an exhaust manifold provided with a pair of spacedbailles adjacent the center thereof extending from its lower wall to apoint spaced from its upper wall, a pair pf spaced openings leading frombetween said baffles to said jacket, and a valve movable to one positionto connect said pair of battles and movable to another position to blocksaid exhaust manifoldbetween said pair of batlies.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, an exhaustmanifold provided with a pair of baflies projecting' upwardly from itslower wall in spaced relationship, a pair of passages in the lower wallof said exhaust manifold between said bafes, a jacket surrounding aportioon of said intake manifold provided with passages communicatingwith said pair of passages, a valve in said exhaust manifold movable toone position to extend between said baos and movable to another positionto block said manifold between said baes whereby the aeeaaea exhaustgases traveling toward said valve are forced through said jacket, and abafie within said jacket for forcin I said gases around said intakemanifold enc Osed therein.

5. In an internal combustion. engine, an intake manifold provided with ajacket, an exhaust manifold in communication with said jacket, movablemeans within said ex haust manifold where-by when said means is moved toone position certain of the gases in said exhaust manifold are caused tocirculate through said jacket and when moved to another position areprevented from circulating through said jacket, a second movable meanswithin said exhaust manifold whereby when said second means is moved toone position other of said gases within said exhaust manifold are causedto circulate through` said jacket and when moved to another position areprevented from circulating through said jacket, said two means beinginterconnected whereby movement of one causes movement of the other.

6. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold provided with ajacketed portion, an exhaust manifold provided with a plurality ofpassages through which exhaust gases are introduced therein, passagesconnecting said exhaust manifold with said jacket, means adjacent thelongitudinal center of said exhaust manifold for causing exhaust gasesentering the same on the side of said means opposite the discharge endof said exhaust manifold to pass through said jacket, and means spacedlongitudinally from said center for causing exhaust gases entering saidmanifold on the discharge side of said center to pass through saidjacket.

7. ln an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold having a portionprovided with a jacket, an exhaust manifold provided with passagescommunicating with said jacket, movable means within and adjacent thelongitudinal center of said exhaust manifold for causing exhaust gasesenteringthe same on the side of said means opposite the discharge end ofsaid exhaust manifold to pass through said jacket, other movable meansin said exhaust manifold positioned toward the discharge end of saidexhaust manifold from the first-mentioned means for causing exhaustgases entering said exhaust manifold between both of said means to passthrough said jacket, and mechanism connecting said two means whereby themovement of one is dependent upon the movement of the other.

8. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold having ajacketed portion. an exhaust manifold provided with ducts leading to andfrom said jacket, and cooperating valves and 'Dames within said exhaustmanifold whereby part of the exhaust gases in said exhaust manifold maybe deflected from its normal path through said jacket, and

llt)

other parts f the exhaust gases in said exhaust manifold may be reversedin the direc'-` tion of its normal travel and caused to pass throughsaid jacket. y

9. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold provided-with ajacketed p0rtion, an exhaust manifold provided with a pair of spacedupwardly extending bailles and a horizontally `extending baffle, meansconnecting the space between said upwardly extending bailles with saidjacket, means connectingthe space under said horizontal baille 'withsaid jacket, and movable means for Cil ' tioned between a pair ofbattles, a third lbaille connected to one of said pair of baffles, anda` pair of valves cooperating with said baffles to cause exhaust gasesflowing toward said pair of battles to be deflected through said ducts,and to cause a portion of. the exhaust gases flowing away from said pairof baflles to be reversed from normal direction of flow and to passthrough said ducts.

11. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold provided with ajacketed portion, an exhaust manifold provided with a pair of spacedbailles, a pair of ducts leading fromv between said baffles to saidjacket, a horizontal baille extending towards the discharge endof saidexhaust manifold from the end of that baille of said pair of balilesnearest said. discharge end, a passage leading from under saidhorizontal baille to the said duct most remote from said discharge end,a valve,

positioned to extend between said pair of bailles in one position and toextend between said ducts in another position, and a second valvemovable to close the space between the free end of said horizontalbaille and the lower wall of said exhaust manifold.

12. In an internal combustion engine, an inlet manifold provided with vaj acketed portion, an exhaust manifold provided with a pluralitj7 ofpassages through which exhaust gases yare introduced thereinto, a pairof upwardly extending bailles between two of said passages, ahorizontally extending baille overlying one of said passages and joinedto one of said upwardly extending baiiles, a pair of passages connectingthe space between said upwardly extending batlles and said jacket, meansmovable to direct the exhaust gases normally traveling toward saidupwardly extending bailles into said jacket, a passage connecting thespace under said horizontally extending ballle with said jacket, andmeans movable to direct the gases under said horizontally extendingbaille through said lastmentioned passage.

13. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold provided with ajacket, an exhaust manifold, a duct connecting said exhaust manifoldwith said jacket, a valve in said exhaust manifold movable to closesaid` duct, a second duct communicating with the first-mentioned duct,and means on said valve for closing said second duct.

14. In an internal combustion engine', an intake manifold provided witha jacket, an

exhaust manifold provided withva pair of spaced battles and a walltherebetween forms ing a pair of ducts in communication with saidjacket, a rotatable valve between said baffles rotatable to close saidducts in one position andto block said exhaust manifold in anotherposition, a third baille. joined to one` of said spaced baffles, a thirdduct co-acting with said .third baffle and communicating with one ofsaid pair of ducts through an opening, and means on said valve forclosing said opening when said valve is in position to close said pairof ducts.

Signed by me at Detroit, Michigan, U. S. A., this 11th day of August,1926.

GEORGE R. DAVENPORT.

